Gamma Radiation (60Co) Induces Mutation during In Vitro Multiplication of Vanilla (Vanilla planifolia Jacks. ex Andrews)

In vitro mutagenesis is an alternative to induce genetic variation in vanilla (Vanilla planifolia Jacks. ex Andrews), which characterized by low diversity. The objective of this study was somaclonal V. gamma radiation and detect it using inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) molecular markers. Shoots previously established were multiplied Murashige Skoog culture medium supplemented with 2 mg·L−1 BAP (6-benzylaminopurine). Explants irradiated different doses (0, 20, 40, 60, 80 100 Gy) 60Co rays. Survival percentage, number shoots per explant, shoot length, leaves shoot, lethal dose (LD50) recorded after 60 d culture. For analysis, ten used for each the donor plant as a control. Eight ISSR primers selected, 43 fragments obtained. percentage polymorphism (% P) estimated. A dendrogram based on Jaccard’s coefficient neighbor joining clustering method Results showed hormetic effect explants, promoting development at (20 inhibition death high (60–100 Gy). LD50 observed Gy. Primers UBC-808, UBC-836 UBC-840 highest % P, 42.6%, 34.7% 28.7%, respectively. Genetic distance analysis that treatments without irradiation presented variation. use rays during broaden diversity breeding.